A solar plant monitored in western Senegal lost 0,34 % of its output per day of soiling, and up to 0,49 % per day at
Before a single pipe is chosen for a pineapple plot, the field has to give up its figures: source flow, water quality, soil texture and
Sprinkler spacing must not exceed 65 percent of the wetted diameter in light wind, and drops to 50 percent in strong wind. Measuring the diameter
An ideal substrate exceeds 85 percent total pore space. Porosity, pH, bulk density and volume per plant for coir, rice husk ash and sand, based
Lettuce grows between 15 and 20 °C and bolts around 29 °C. The shade rate to pick, how to put the structure up, tray management
Mulch laid on dry, poorly weeded soil achieves nothing. Thickness of 7 to 10 cm, choice of material, step by step laying and the effects
One hectare of dry-season onion needs 428 mm, or 5,000 to 7,000 m3 per hectare according to CGER-Vallée, with a peak of 6 mm per
Ginger needs 1,300 to 1,500 mm over the cycle according to ICAR-IISR, with roots limited to 30 cm. Laying laterals on 1 m beds, emitter
RECA recorded the 50 kg bag of NPK 15-15-15 at between 13,500 and 27,000 FCFA, and urea at between 18,000 and 27,500 FCFA. World Bank
At standard rates, a foliar fertilizer supplies 0.2 to 1.5 kg of nitrogen, 1 to 2 kg of P2O5 and 0.3 to 1.3 kg of
10,953 tonnes of coffee marketed in 2023/2024 according to ONCC, including 10,091 t of robusta and 502 t of arabica, at 900 to 2,100 FCFA
Watermelon needs 400 to 600 mm of water over an 80 to 110 day cycle and yields 20 to 35 t/ha under well-managed irrigation. Seed
1,400,000 hectares of orchards, 450,000 growers and an average yield of 590 kg/ha: 100 trees/ha spacing, INRAB fertilization, nut quality and a farm-gate price set
Substrate, electrical conductivity, pH, drainage and yield for soilless tomatoes under cover, based on the CIRAD guide from La Réunion, Ohio State University fact sheet
200 kg/ha of NPK 15-15-15, or four 50 kg bags, on maize and irrigated rice, and 150 kg/ha on upland rice: official rates by crop,
10,000 cassava cuttings per hectare on poor soil, 12,500 on average soil, 15,625 on fertile soil. Cutting length and node count, choosing clean planting material,
In a tropical climate, an agricultural greenhouse is there to ventilate and keep insects out, not to add heat. Structure types, design rules in figures
Maize is grown in 7 stages: soil, sowing, basal fertiliser, weeding, urea top-dressing, fall armyworm control and harvest. Yields of 1 to 8 t/ha by
Tomato farming takes 90 to 120 days at 20,000 to 30,000 plants/ha, yielding 15 to 80 t/ha. Nursery, staking, pruning, drip irrigation and disease control.
Nursery, transplanting, 20,000 to 25,000 plants/ha, blossom end rot and yields of 8 to 20 t/ha. A complete chilli pepper farming guide for tropical Africa.
Melon matures in 75 to 110 days and yields 15 to 30 t/ha. Full tropical melon farming guide: spacing, drip irrigation, fertilization and disease control.
A 2026 guide to market gardening in Africa: the most profitable crops (tomato, onion, pepper, cabbage, okra), techniques, yields and costs per hectare.
Tenera hybrid, nursery, 143 palms/ha, first harvest at 3 years and yields of 10 to 25 t of bunches/ha. A practical guide to oil palm
Complete 2026 guide to establishing, managing and profiting from a cocoa farm in Cameroon: SNK varieties, nursery, crop programme, fertilisation, fermentation, prices and markets.
